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Home Staff
Daniel P. Faith (D. P. Faith) Contents
Areas of research
For more details see Biodiversity & Systematics.
Some recent papersBiodiversity ConservationFaith DP (2008) Threatened species and the preservation of phylogenetic diversity (PD): assessments based on extinction probabilities and risk analysis. Conservation Biology Barton, D.N., Faith, D.P. Rusch, G., Acevedo, H., Paniagua, L., Castro M. (2008) Environmental service payments: Evaluating biodiversity conservation trade-offs and costefficiency in the Osa Conservation Area, Costa Rica, Journal of Environmental Management, doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.02.010 Faith, DP (2008) Phylogenetic diversity and conservation. In (eds: SP Carroll and C Fox) Conservation Biology: Evolution in Action. Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
Faith DP, Ferrier, S., Williams, KJ (2008) Getting biodiversity intactness indices right: ensuring that "biodiversity" reflects "diversity" Global Change Biology 14, 207-217. download pdf Faith DP (2007) Phylogeny and conservation. Systematic Biology 56:690-694. Faith, D. P. (2007) Biodiversity. In: The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Available at: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/biodiversity/ Williams, K.J., Mitchell, D.K., James, R., Cameron, S.E., Faith, D.P., Storey, R., de Fretes, Y., Sumantri, H., Margules, C. (2006) Milne Bay Province Terrestrial Biodiversity Conservation Outcomes: A pilot for the New Guinea Wilderness. CSIRO and Conservation International Melanesia CBC, Atherton. Knight, AT., RJ Smith, RM. Cowling, PG. Desmet, DP. Faith, S Ferrier, CM Gelderblom, H Grantham, AT. Lombard, JD Parrish, K Maze, J Nel, GQK Pence, B Reyers, M Rouget, D Roux and KA. Wilson (2007) What is the Role of the Key Biodiversity Areas Program in Effective Conservation Planning? Bioscience 57: 256-261 Botkin, DB et al. (2007) Forecasting effects of global warming on biodiversity. Bioscience. 57:227-236. http://www.aibs.org/bioscience-press-releases/070301_improved_predictions_of_warminginduced_extinctions_sought.html Forest, Félix, Richard Grenyer, Mathieu Rouget, T. Jonathan Davies, Richard M. Cowling, Daniel P. Faith, Andrew Balmford, John C. Manning, Serban Proches, Michelle van der Bank, Gail Reeves, Terry A. J. Hedderson and Vincent Savolainen (2007) Preserving the evolutionary potential of floras in biodiversity hotspots. Nature 445:757-760. Hajkowicz, S., A.Higgins, K. Williams, D. P. Faith and M. Burton (2007) Optimisation and the selection of conservation contracts. The Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 51: 39-56. Faith, DP (2006) Insights from an Australian planning framework for biodiversity and ecosystem services. PLoS Biology http://biology.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=read-response&doi=10.1371/journal.pbio.0040379#r1378 Sarkar, S., Pressey, R.L., Faith, D.P., Margules, C.R., Fuller, T., Stoms, D.M., Moffett, A., Wilson, K.A., Williams, K.J., Williams, P.H., and Andelman, S. (2006) Biodiversity Conservation Planning Tools: Present Status and Challenges for the Future. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 31:123–59 Faith D.P (2006) The role of the phylogenetic diversity measure, PD, in bio-informatics: getting the definition right. Evolutionary Bioinformatics Online 2006: 2 301–307. available at: http://la-press.com/cr_data/files/f_EBO-2-Faith-2_171.pdf [this paper clarifies the definition of PD and provides other background] Faith, D. P and Baker A. (2006) Phylogenetic diversity (PD) and biodiversity conservation: some bioinformatics challenges” in Evolutionary Bioinformatics Online http://la-press.com/journals.php?pa=abstract&content_id=148 Faith D. P., Williams K. J. (2006) Phylogenetic diversity and biodiversity conservation. McGraw-Hill Yearbook of Science and Technology. Pp.233-235 Faith, D. P. & K. J. Williams (2005) How Large-scale DNA Barcoding Programs Can Boost Biodiversity Conservation Planning: Linking Phylogenetic Diversity (PD) Analyses to the Barcode of Life Database (BoLD). Abstract. In: Australian Entomological Society's 36th AGM and Scientific Conference/7th Invertebrate Biodiversity and Conservation Conference/Australian Systematics Society. Canberra, Australia, 4-9 December 2005. Download PDF (PDF 85kb) Faith, DP (2006) 2010 indicators for overall biodiversity. In: Actions for the 2010 biodiversity target in Europe – how does research contribute to halting biodiversity loss? Report of an e-conference. (eds. Young, J., Ahlbeg, M., Niemelä, N., Parr, T., Pauleit, S. and Watt, A.D.), pp. 94-95. Available at: http://www.epbrs.org/PDF/EPBRS-FI2006-EU2010TargetLong.pdf Faith, DP (2006) Taxonomic research and 2010. In: Actions for the 2010 biodiversity target in Europe – how does research contribute to halting biodiversity loss? Report of an e-conference. (eds. Young, J., Ahlbeg, M., Niemelä, N., Parr, T., Pauleit, S. and Watt, A.D.), pp. 70-71. Available at: http://www.epbrs.org/PDF/EPBRS-FI2006-EU2010TargetLong.pdf Faith, DP, Williams, KJ (2006) Research needs and challenges for the “systematic conservation planning” approach to the 2010 biodiversity target. In: Actions for the 2010 biodiversity target in Europe – how does research contribute to halting biodiversity loss? Report of an e-conference. (eds. Young, J., Ahlbeg, M., Niemelä, N., Parr, T., Pauleit, S. and Watt, A.D.), pp. 27-29. Available at: http://www.epbrs.org/PDF/EPBRS-FI2006-EU2010TargetLong.pdf Williams, P., Faith, D., Manne, L., Sechrest, W. Prestone, C. (2005) Complementarity analysis: Mapping the performance of surrogates for biodiversity. Biol. Conserv. 128, 253-264. Gole, C., Burton, M. Williams, K. J., Clayton, H., Faith, D. P., White, B., Huggett, A., and Margules, C. R. (2005). `Auction for Landscape Recovery : National Market-based Instrument Pilot Program: Project Final Report .' 184 p. (WWF-Australia: Sydney.) http://www.uwa.edu.au/__data/page/12817/ALR_Final_Report.pdf Phylogenetic inferenceFaith DP (2006) Science and philosophy for molecular systematics: which is the cart and which is the horse? Molec. Phylog. Evol. 38, 553–557. Download (PDF 148k) Faith, D. P. (2005) Corroboration: how Popper's philosophy provides a constructive framework for systematics. Biosystema. 24, 107-114. Faith, D. P. (2004) From species to supertrees: Popperian corroboration and some current controversies in systematics. Australian Systematic Botany. L.A.S. Johnson Review No. 1. (PDF 323k) Faith, D. P. and Trueman, J. W. (2002) Reverend Bayes Reports Back to Popper. Science Online (15 February 2002); http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/eletters/294/5550/2310#401. [a response to: Bayesian Inference of Phylogeny and Its Impact on Evolutionary Biology by J. P. Huelsenbeck, F. Ronquist, R. Nielsen, and J. P. Bollback. Science (2001) 294: 2310-2314, and to: Reverend Bayes meets Darwin: Bayesian inference of phylogeny and its impact on evolutionary biology (Supplemental Material) by J P.Huelsenbeck et al.; Science Online at http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/294/5550/2310/DC1.] Faith, D. P. and Trueman, J. (2001) Towards an inclusive philosophy for phylogenetic inference. Systematic Biology 50: 331 - 350. Faith and Trueman (2001) Towards an inclusive philosophy for phylogenetic systematics (PDF 305k) recent symposiaFaith, DP, Williams K, Ferrier S (2007) A practical framework for conservation scenarios and planning for the Southwest Australia Ecoregion. Available at: http://www.swaecoregion.org/downloads/CPS_pres%2016_Dan%20Faith%20et%20al.pdf Faith, DP (2006) Phylogenetic diversity and spatial conservation priorities. Technical workshop: approaches to identifying and setting spatial conservation priorities, DEH, Canberra Faith, DP (2006) Biodiversity, phylogeny, and the 2010 biodiversity target. Abstract. International Symposium for biodiversity and bioGENESIS research. November, 2006, Kyushu University, Japan. http://www.diversitas-international.org/uploads/File/biogenesis.pdf. Faith, DP (2006) What should be done at national level to meet the 2010 biodiversity target?" http://2010.biodiv.org/en/question2.shtml. Salles, L. et al. (2006) UNEP/CBD/COP/8/INF/46; Outcomes and Recommendations of the Meeting on “Biodiversity -the Megascience in Focus” Curitiba, 15-19 March 2006; https://www.biodiv.org/doc/meetings/cop/cop-08/information/cop-08-inf-46-en.pdf Faith, D. P. & K. J. Williams (2005) How Large-scale DNA Barcoding Programs Can Boost Biodiversity Conservation Planning: Linking Phylogenetic Diversity (PD) Analyses to the Barcode of Life Database (BoLD). Abstract. In: Australian Entomological Society's 36th AGM and Scientific Conference/7th Invertebrate Biodiversity and Conservation Conference/Australian Systematics Society. Canberra, Australia, 4-9 December 2005. Faith, DP (2005). Phylogenetic diversity (PD) provides biodiversity surrogates information that can enhance the contribution of DNA barcoding programs to conservation planning. In: First DIVERSITAS Open Science Conference: "Integrating biodiversity science for human well-being", 9-12 November 2005, Oaxaca, Mexico. Symposium 14 - Phylogeny and biodiversity science. "Philosophical Issues in Phylogenetic Inference" at ICSEB VI, Patras, Greece 2002. http://www.icseb-vi.biology.upatras.gr/symposia/s2.htm Biological monitoringDownes, B. J., L. A. Barmuta, P. G. Fairweather, D. P. Faith, M. J. Keough, P. S. Lake, B. D. Mapstone, and G. P. Quinn. (2002) Assessing Ecological Impacts: Applications in flowing waters. Cambridge University Press. http://uk.cambridge.org/biosciences/catalogue/0521771579/ Linke, S., R Norris and D P. Faith (2002) Australian River Assessment System: Improving AusRivAS Analytical Methods - DDRAM and E-Ball (Phase I Final Report to Environment Australia) http://www.ea.gov.au/water/rivers/nrhp/methods/index.html Linke, S., Norris, R. H., Faith, D. P. and Stockwell, D. (2004). ANNA: A NEW PREDICTION METHOD FOR BIOASSESSMENT PROGRAMS. Freshwater Biology. 50: 147-158. The PNG papersFaith, D. P., Nix, H. A., C. R. Margules, Hutchinson, M. F.Walker, P. A., West, J., Stein, J., Kesteven, J. L., Allison, A. and Natera,G. (2001) The BioRap Biodiversity Assessment and Planning Study for Papua New Guinea. Pacific Conservation Biology. Volume 6, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 279-28. Further details. Faith, D. P., C. R. Margules, P. A. Walker, J. Stein, G. Natera (2001) Practical application of biodiversity surrogates and percentage targets for conservation in Papua New Guinea. Pacific Conservation Biology Volume 6, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 289-303. Further details. Faith, D. P., C. R. Margules, P. A. Walker (2001) A biodiversity conservation plan for Papua New Guinea based on biodiversity trade-offs analysis Pacific Conservation Biology. Volume 6, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 304-324. Further details. (Figure 1) Faith, D. P., P. A. Walker and C. R. Margules (2001) Some future prospects for systematic biodiversity planning in Papua New Guinea - and for biodiversity planning in general. Pacific Conservation Biology. Volume 6, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 325-343. Further details. (Figure 2) Faith, D. P. (2001) Overlap of Species Richness and Development-Opportunity Does not Imply Conflict. Science 293 [online] URL: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/eletters/293/5535/1591#354 (response to Huston, M. A. et al. (2001) People and biodiversity in Africa, Science 293:1591-1592, and to Balmford, A. et al. (2001) Conservation conflicts across Africa, Science 291:2616-2619.) Faith, D. P. (2001) Cost-effective biodiversity planning. Science 293 [online] URL: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/eletters/293/5538/2207 (response to Pimm, S. L. et al. (2001) Can we defy Nature's end? Science 293:2207-2208.) Some older papersFaith, D. P., Minchin, P. R. and Belbin, L. (1987) Compositional dissimilarity as a robust measure of ecological distance. Vegetatio 69, 57-68. Faith, D. P. (1989) Homoplasy as pattern: multivariate analysis of morphological convergence in Anseriformes. Cladistics 5, 235-258. Faith, D. P. (1990) Chance marsupial relationships. Nature 345, 393-394. Faith, D. P. and Cranston, P. S. (1991) Could a cladogram this short have arisen by chance alone?: on permutation tests for cladistic structure. Cladistics 7, 1-28. Faith, D. P. (1992) Conservation evaluation and phylogenetic diversity. Biological Conservation 61, 1-10. Download PDF. (PDF 613k) Faith, D. P. and Cranston, P. S. (1992) Probability, parsimony, and Popper. Systematic Biology 41, 252-257. Ballard, J. W. O., Olsen, G. J., Faith, D. P., Odgers, W. A., Rowell, D. M. and Atkinson, P. W. (1992) Evidence from 12S ribosomal RNA sequences that onychophorans are modified arthropods. Science 258, 1345-1348. Faith, D. P. (1994) Phylogenetic pattern and the quantification of organismal biodiversity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B. 345: 45-58. Faith, D. P. 1994. Phylogenetic pattern PDF (2.7 MB) Faith, D. P. and P. A. Walker (1994) DIVERSITY: a software package for sampling phylogenetic and environmental diversity. Reference and user's guide. v. 2.1. CSIRO Division of Wildlife and Ecology. Canberra. (how to use ED and PD methods, including use of ED for cost trade-offs and for 'geo-sampling"). Faith, D. P. (1994) Genetic diversity and taxonomic priorities for conservation. Biological Conservation 68: 69-74. Download PDF. (PDF 86k) Faith, D. P., P. L. Dostine, and C. L. Humphrey (1995) Detection of mining impacts on aquatic macroinvertebrate communities: results of a disturbance experiment and the design of a multivariate BACIP monitoring program at Coronation Hill, N.T. Australian Journal of Ecology 20, 167-180. Faith, D. P. (1995) Biodiversity and regional sustainability analysis. CSIRO, Canberra. 30pp. Biodiversity and regional sustainability analysis PDF (453k) Faith, D. P. and Walker, P. A. (1996) Environmental diversity: on the best-possible use of surrogate data for assessing the relative biodiversity of sets of areas. Biodiversity and Conservation 5, 399-415 Faith, D. P. and Walker, P. A. (1996) Integrating conservation and development: incorporating vulnerability into biodiversity-assessment of areas. Biodiversity and Conservation 5, 431-446. Faith, D. P. and Walker, P. A. (1996) Integrating conservation and development: effective trade-offs between biodiversity and cost in the selection of protected areas. Biodiversity and Conservation 5, 417-429. Faith, D. P. and Walker, P. A. (1996) How do indicator groups provide information about the relative biodiversity of different sets of areas?, on hotspots, complementarity and pattern-based approaches. Biodiversity Letters 3, 18-25. [this paper advocates assessment of biodiversity indicators (or surrogates) based on how well they can predict true complementarity values. A consultancy report (next entry) describes how to implement this "predicting complementarity" approach]. How do indicator groups provide information about the relative biodiversity of different sets of areas?, on hotspots, complementarity and pattern-based approaches (PDF 175k) Faith, D. P. (1996) On methods for evaluating alternative surrogates for regional biodiversity assessments. Report to Department of Environment, Sport and Territories, Canberra. [a review, commissioned by DEST, of "A methodology for evaluating the efficiency of environmental surrogates: a report on the analytical methodology employed in a consultancy to evaluate the efficiency of environmental surrogates and modelling techniques in predicting the distribution of biological diversity" by S. Ferrier and G. Watson of NSW NPWS] Faith, D. P., Walker, P. A., Ive, J. and Belbin, L. (1996) Integrating conservation and forestry production: exploring trade-offs between biodiversity and production in regional land-use assessment. Forest Ecology and Management 85, 251-260. [this paper presents the first regional case study incorporating biodiversity complementarity and opportunity costs, via a multi-criteria analysis] Faith et al. (1996) Integrating conservation and forestry production: exploring trade-offs between biodiversity and production in regional land-use assessment (PDF 730k) Faith, D. P. (1997) Some considerations in the design of a national biodiversity monitoring system for Brazil's protected areas. In: (S. Baker, L. M. Ferreira, P. W. Saile, eds.) International workshop on biodiversity monitoring in federal protected areas: defining the methodology. IBAMA and Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit. Pp. 51-65. Faith, D. P. (1997) Biodiversity, biospecifics and ecological services. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 12, 66. Biospecifics (PDF 221k) Moritz, C. and Faith, D. P. (1998) Comparative phylogeography and the identification of genetically divergent areas for conservation. Molecular Ecology 7, 419-430. Moritz and Faith (1998) Comparative phylogeography and the identification of genetically divergent areas for conservation (PDF 506k) Faith, D. P. (1999) Error and the growth of experimental knowledge. Systematic Biology 48,675-679. (review of Mayo, Error and the growth of experimental knowledge, University of Chicago Press). Mace, G. M., A. Balmford, L Boitani, G. Cowlishaw, A. P. Dobson, D. P. Faith, K. J. Gaston, C. J. Humphries, R. I. Vane-Wright, P. H. Williams, J. H. Lawton, C. R. Murgules, R. M. May, A. O. Nicholls, H. P. Possingham, C. Rahbek, and A. S. van Jaarsveld. (2000). It's time to work together and stop duplicating conservation efforts. Nature 205:393. Details.
Selected figures
Figure 1
Figure 2 a) assuming a 0.990 probability of persistence regional goal for all biodiversity attributes, with 0.50 current probability of persistence in the absence of conservation action 
b) assuming a 0.990 probability of persistence regional goal for all biodiversity attributes, with 0.10 current probability of persistence in the absence of conservation action
Figure 3 a) The lower curve is the trade-offs curve taking into account opportunity costs of conservaiton, but no other constraining factors. The upper trade-offs curve results when some areas are fixed, existing, protected areas.
b) The lower curve is the unconstrained curve, while the upper curve reflects allocations where specific areas are permanently cleared for agriculture, and another area is committed to forestry production with no biodiversity protection. These constraints result in a significant loss in possible balanced solutions.
c) The lower curve is the unconstrained curve, while the upper curve reflects allocations for the combination of a fixed existing reserve set and the constrained land uses for areas from (b). The loss in possible balanced solutions is increased by having all the constraints in combination.
d) The lower curve is the unconstrained curve, while the upper curve reflects having some areas allocated to a sympathetic management regime that also provides protection to at least some components of biodiversity.
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