Geoscience (also known as earth sciences and geology) covers the broad sweep of Earth history and all Earth-forming processes. It is the study of the Earth and includes all non-living parts of our environment, and everything below the Earth's surface. Soils and water are an integral part of geoscience studies. Geoscientists also study interactions between the atmosphere and the Earth, which are fundamental in many geological processes.
Understanding geological processes underpins our understanding of the environment in which we live. These processes form the surface of the Earth and affect:
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